What is a Dental Bridge?
A dental bridge can replace a tooth or several teeth. The fake teeth in dental bridges look and function like real teeth. For a bridge, a person may see a prosthodontist, a dentist who specializes in restoring and replacing missing teeth, or a regular dentist. Either way, there are many options for filling a gap in a smile.
One option is to have a crown — a fake bit of tooth attached to a small portion of real tooth that the dentist has ground down. When a person has lost a tooth or the dentist has had to remove it, however, a crown alone is not an option, and a dental bridge may be the best choice.
The term “bridge” refers to a structure that contains one or more fake teeth. The structure is often anchored in place with one or more crowns on either side of the gap in the mouth. For example, if a person loses several front teeth, due to injury or decay, a doctor may use a bridge to fill in the gap.
A person may not wish to have a gap in their teeth, after having a tooth removed, for example, because they need a tooth in the area for chewing or because of cosmetic concerns.
For some people, a permanent dental implant is an alternative to a bridge. Dental implants are fake teeth that dentists surgically insert into bone in the mouth. For others, dentists recommend implants to help secure a bridge, particularly if many teeth are missing.
Types of Dental Bridges
There are four main types of dental bridges:
1. Traditional Dental Bridge
The traditional dental bridge is the most common type. It involves creating a crown for the teeth or implants on either side of the missing tooth, with a pontic in between. Traditional bridges are typically made of porcelain fused to metal or ceramics.
2. Cantilever Dental Bridge
A cantilever dental bridge is used when there are adjacent teeth on only one side of the missing tooth or teeth. This type of bridge is less common and is generally used in areas of the mouth that experience less stress, such as the front teeth.
3. Maryland Dental Bridge
Also known as a resin-bonded bridge, the Maryland dental bridge uses a metal or porcelain framework with “wings” that are bonded to the back of the adjacent teeth. This type of bridge is less invasive as it does not require crowns on the adjacent teeth.
4. Implant-Supported Dental Bridge
An implant-supported bridge is used when more than one tooth is missing. Instead of being supported by crowns on adjacent teeth, this type of bridge is supported by dental implants. This is the most stable and durable option but requires surgical placement of the implants.
Benefits of Dental Bridges
Dental bridges offer several advantages for individuals with missing teeth:
1. Improved Appearance
Dental bridges restore the appearance of your smile by filling the gap left by missing teeth. They are designed to match the color, shape, and size of your natural teeth, providing a seamless look.
2. Restored Functionality
By replacing missing teeth, dental bridges improve your ability to chew and speak properly. They distribute the bite force evenly across your teeth, reducing the risk of further dental issues.
3. Prevents Teeth Shifting
Missing teeth can cause adjacent teeth to shift out of position, leading to misalignment and bite problems. Dental bridges help maintain the proper alignment of your teeth.
4. Enhanced Oral Health
Replacing missing teeth with a dental bridge helps maintain the structure of your jawbone and gums, preventing further dental issues and improving overall oral health.
The Dental Bridge Procedure
The process of getting a dental bridge typically involves several steps over multiple dental visits:
1. Initial Consultation
During the first visit, your dentist will examine your teeth, take X-rays, and discuss the best treatment options for your situation. If a dental bridge is recommended, your dentist will explain the different types and what to expect during the procedure.
2. Tooth Preparation
For traditional and cantilever bridges, the abutment teeth need to be prepared by removing a portion of enamel to make room for the crowns. Impressions of your teeth are then taken to create a custom bridge.
3. Temporary Bridge
While your permanent bridge is being made, your dentist will fit you with a temporary bridge to protect the exposed teeth and gums.
4. Fitting the Permanent Bridge
Once your permanent bridge is ready, you will return to the dentist to have it fitted. The temporary bridge will be removed, and the new bridge will be adjusted to ensure a proper fit. The bridge will then be permanently cemented in place.
5. Follow-Up Visits
You may need a few follow-up visits to ensure the bridge is fitting correctly and to make any necessary adjustments. Your dentist will also provide instructions on how to care for your new bridge.
Caring for Your Dental Bridge
Proper care and maintenance of your dental bridge are essential to ensure its longevity and to maintain good oral health:
1. Good Oral Hygiene
Brush your teeth at least twice a day and floss daily to prevent plaque buildup around the bridge. Use a special dental floss threader to clean under the pontic and between the bridge and gums.
2. Regular Dental Check-Ups
Visit your dentist regularly for check-ups and cleanings. Your dentist can check the condition of your bridge and address any issues promptly.
3. Avoid Hard Foods
Avoid chewing on hard foods, ice, or other objects that could damage the bridge. Cut down on sticky foods that can adhere to the bridge and cause damage.
4. Healthy Diet
Maintain a balanced diet to support overall oral health. Foods rich in vitamins and minerals help keep your gums and teeth healthy.
Potential Complications
While dental bridges are generally safe and effective, there are potential complications to be aware of:
- Tooth Decay: Decay can occur in the teeth supporting the bridge if oral hygiene is not maintained.
- Gum Disease: Poor oral hygiene can also lead to gum disease, which can affect the stability of the bridge.
- Bridge Damage: The bridge can become loose or damaged over time, especially if exposed to excessive force or improper care.
Conclusion
A dental bridge is a reliable and effective solution for replacing missing teeth, restoring both function and aesthetics. Understanding the different types of dental bridges, the procedure involved, and how to care for your bridge can help you make an informed decision and maintain your oral health. If you have missing teeth and are considering a dental bridge, consult with your dentist to determine the best treatment option for your needs. By following proper care guidelines and attending regular dental check-ups, you can ensure the longevity of your dental bridge and enjoy a healthy, confident smile.
